XVI CENTURY CASSONI

Xv Xvi

-Monetary policy operates in a different environment than it did a decade ago. Financial market innovations have eroded the distinctions among monetary assets, making the definition of money increasingly arbitrary. Deregulation of interest rates and banking activity is changing the behavior of the monetary aggregates, as banks pay interest on monetary assets and nonbanks offer monetary-like ass...

XVI. Miscellaneous

[Elena de Cespedes: The eventful life of a XVI century surgeon].

Throughout the history of surgery there have been exceptional cases of surgeons around the world. One of them is Elena/o of Cespedes. Born as a girl, this hermaphrodite dedicated all his life to acting as a man, doing jobs that were only for men such as a soldier, peasant, and surgeon. She was the first licensed surgeon in Spain and maybe in all Europe. She married a woman and then was tried fo...

Xv Xvi

The stock market crash of 1987 sent shock waves through the world's financial markets. Stock exchanges in New York, Chicago, London, Tokyo, Frankfurt, and a host of other cities suffered major declines. In response, credit markets, commodity markets, and foreign exchange markets registered sharp swings. Not since the Great Depression had the world seen such turmoil in financial markets. But, dr...

Xvi. Neurophysiology

At the time of the Quarterly Progress Report of April 15, 1958, I thought that no circuit could preserve error-free action if it were composed of 3 neurons, each receiving only 2 inputs. To correct this, let me replace the jot in any Venn symbol (1) by 1 if the jot is always present, by 0 if it is always absent, and by p if it is present with a probability p due to a shift of the threshold 0 of...